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Does personalised text messaging influence patients' caries risk?

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Personalized text messages did not significantly reduce caries risk in underprivileged adults compared to non-personalized messages. Saliva secretion improved in the intervention group, but overall cavity prevention showed no difference.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Public Health
  • Preventive Dentistry
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Dental caries remains a significant public health issue, particularly among underprivileged populations.
  • Personalized health interventions via mobile technology show promise but require rigorous evaluation.
  • The Cariogram model offers a multifactorial approach to individual caries risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of personalized, preventive text messages based on Cariogram risk assessment in reducing caries risk.
  • To compare the impact of personalized versus non-personalized text messages on caries risk factors.
  • To assess changes in the 'chance of avoiding new cavities' and individual Cariogram risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial involving 191 participants from County Cork, Ireland.
  • Intervention group received weekly personalized text messages based on Cariogram; control group received non-personalized messages.
  • Follow-up at 26 weeks assessed caries risk using the 'chance of avoiding new cavities' index and seven Cariogram risk factors.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant difference in the 'chance of avoiding new cavities' between personalized and non-personalized text message groups.
  • A statistically significant positive effect was observed in saliva secretion within the intervention group (p = 0.036).
  • Predictive modeling was unreliable due to a limited sample size in the per-protocol analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates the null hypothesis, indicating no significant difference in caries risk reduction between personalized and non-personalized text messaging interventions.
  • Personalized text messages did not demonstrate a superior effect on overall caries risk for underprivileged adults.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the potential of mobile phone communications for caries risk reduction.