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The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

Auditory Pathway

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Published on: October 11, 2017

Author Correction: Functional organization and population dynamics in the mouse primary auditory cortex.

Gideon Rothschild^1,2, Israel Nelken^1,2, Adi Mizrahi^3,4

¹Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Life Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel.

Nature Neuroscience

|September 26, 2020

Summary

This study has been amended. Please refer to the updated version available at the top of the paper for the latest findings and corrections.

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Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

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Area of Science:

Not specified in the provided abstract.

Context:

The original paper has been updated.
An amendment is now available.

Purpose:

To inform readers about the published amendment.
To direct readers to the updated version of the paper.

Summary:

An amendment to this paper has been published.
The updated version can be accessed via a link at the top of the original paper.

Impact:

Ensures readers access the most current and accurate information.
Facilitates informed understanding based on revised content.