Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

2.0K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.0K
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination01:23

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination

3.1K
The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
3.1K
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

47.1K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
47.1K
Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

62.8K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
62.8K
Primary Motives: Hunger and Thirst01:25

Primary Motives: Hunger and Thirst

1.1K
Hunger and thirst are fundamental physiological drives crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the survival of both humans and animals. These drives are regulated through complex interactions between the brain, hormones, and sensory receptors.
Hunger arises when the brain detects changes in the body's nutrient levels, including glucose, lipids, amino acids, and hormones such as ghrelin and leptin. The hypothalamus plays a central role in hunger regulation. The lateral hypothalamus...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Type-1 thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor in the nucleus accumbens participates in the anorectic effect of the stimulation of central nucleus of the amygdala.

Brain research·2026
Same author

Binge-like eating in early adolescence induces glial changes and dopaminergic dysregulation linked to risk-taking behaviors in rats.

Behavioural brain research·2026
Same author

Accumbal serotonin hypofunction and dopamine hyperfunction due to chronic stress and palatable food intake in rats.

Nutritional neuroscience·2024
Same author

Prolame produces anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in middle-aged female rats with less uterotrophic effects than 17β-estradiol.

European journal of pharmacology·2024
Same author

Repeated toluene and cyclohexane inhalation produces differential effects on HPA and HPT axes in adolescent male rats.

Neurotoxicology·2023
Same author

Effect of chronic unpredictable stress in female Wistar-Kyoto rats subjected to progesterone withdrawal: Relevance for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder neurobiology.

Psychoneuroendocrinology·2023
Same journal

DAla2-GIP-Glu-PAL exerts neuroprotective effect on diabetic retinopathy by attenuating microglia activation and regulating NF-κB/NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

Neuroscience letters·2026
Same journal

Dynorphinergic neuroadaptations in the islands of Calleja: implications for alcohol use disorder.

Neuroscience letters·2026
Same journal

Differential vulnerability of cochlear nuclei to Lmx1 deficiency: abnormal patterning and implications for auditory circuitry.

Neuroscience letters·2026
Same journal

Role of nNOS/sGC pathway in the insular cortex in control of cardiovascular, autonomic and corticosterone responses to restraint stress in rats.

Neuroscience letters·2026
Same journal

Jak1 inhibition reduces acute allodynia induced by specific upstream cytokines in rats: implications for the onset of Jak1 pain modulation.

Neuroscience letters·2026
Same journal

Glucocorticoids-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice: oral ingestion of corticosterone or hydrocortisone - A comparative study.

Neuroscience letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

9.6K

TRH in the nucleus accumbens acts downstream to α-MSH to decrease food intake in rats.

E Alvarez-Salas1, F Gama1, G Matamoros-Trejo1

  • 1Molecular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101. San Lorenzo Huipulco, CDMX 14370. Mexico.

Neuroscience Letters
|September 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) mediates some effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in reducing food intake. This suggests TRH modulates feeding motivation beyond homeostatic regulation.

Keywords:
FeedingNucleus accumbensThyrotropin-Releasing hormoneα-MSH

More Related Videos

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
05:57

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats

Published on: June 27, 2014

13.6K
Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
07:46

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa

Published on: October 22, 2015

14.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

9.6K
Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
05:57

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats

Published on: June 27, 2014

13.6K
Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
07:46

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa

Published on: October 22, 2015

14.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • Feeding regulation involves homeostatic and hedonic pathways.
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) are key peptides in feeding control.
  • These peptides and their receptors are found in brain regions like the hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens (NAc).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of TRH signaling in the NAc in mediating α-MSH-induced feeding reduction.
  • To determine if the TRHergic pathway in the NAc is downstream of α-MSH actions.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of α-MSH into the NAc of fasted rats.
  • Measurement of food intake, TRH mRNA, and MC4R mRNA expression in the NAc.
  • Co-administration of α-MSH with antisense oligonucleotide against pro-TRH mRNA in the NAc.

Main Results:

  • α-MSH administration in the NAc reduced food intake and increased TRH mRNA while decreasing MC4R mRNA.
  • Downregulation of MC4R mRNA suggests a compensatory mechanism.
  • Blocking TRH synthesis in the NAc impaired α-MSH-induced feeding reduction.

Conclusions:

  • TRH in the NAc plays a role in mediating the effects of α-MSH on food intake inhibition.
  • TRH in the NAc contributes to modulating the motivational aspects of feeding, not just homeostatic regulation.