Iatrogenic Arterial Perforation During Endovascular Interventions

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Interventional Radiology
• Endovascular Procedures

Background:

• The increasing use of minimally invasive endovascular procedures has led to a rise in associated vascular complications.
• Arterial perforation is a rare but potentially fatal complication of endovascular interventions, regardless of access site.
• Interventionalists must be knowledgeable about perforation risks, common sites, and effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the presentation, diagnosis, and management of iatrogenic arterial perforations.
• To highlight the importance of rapid recognition and endovascular treatment for these complications.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of managing perforations in specific arteries.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on iatrogenic arterial perforations.
• Analysis of risk factors, diagnostic methods, and endovascular management techniques.
• Compilation of data on perforations of the subclavian artery, thyrocervical trunk, common carotid artery, superficial femoral artery, and external iliac artery.

Main Results:

• Arterial perforation is an infrequent but significant risk associated with endovascular procedures.
• Timely endovascular intervention can effectively manage perforations, minimizing the need for open surgery.
• Specific diagnostic and management approaches vary depending on the location and severity of the perforation.

Conclusions:

• Awareness of risk factors and prompt endovascular management are essential for improving outcomes in patients experiencing arterial perforation.
• Endovascular techniques offer a less invasive alternative to open surgery for managing these vascular injuries.
• This review provides a guide for interventionalists managing iatrogenic arterial perforations in critical vessels.