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Updated: Dec 7, 2025
Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Model for Ischemic Retinal Diseases in Rodents
Published on: September 16, 2020
PAMM and the ischemic cascade associated with radiation retinopathy
Derrick Wang1, Adrian Au1, Jay S Duker2
1Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA, USA.
Purpose:
To report a case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and evidence of the ischemic cascade documented with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) following radiation treatment of a choroidal melanoma.
Observations:
A healthy young patient was evaluated for an asymptomatic choroidal nevus in the left eye. Fundus examination was remarkable for a choroidal melanocytic lesion that measured 1.8 mm in thickness by initial B-scan ultrasound. Clinical examination 6 months later showed growth of the tumor at several margins with new subretinal fluid, and a B-scan measured thickness of 1.9 mm. The lesion was diagnosed as a small choroidal melanoma and treated with gamma knife radiation with a dose of 3000 cGy. Sixteen months later, examination showed signs of radiation retinopathy including cotton wool spots and PAMM via SD-OCT and OCT angiography and evidence of the ischemic cascade (i.e., alternating zones of middle and combined middle and inner retinal layer infarction).
Conclusions:
Radiation retinopathy can include signs of microvascular damage and ischemia including lesions such as cotton wool spots and PAMM. A case is presented in this report of radiation retinopathy with OCT evidence of PAMM and the ischemic cascade.
