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Related Concept Videos

Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
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The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
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In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
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Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

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When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
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Semiconductors01:22

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Superionic Conductors via Bulk Interfacial Conduction.

Chenji Hu1,2, Yanbin Shen2, Ming Shen3

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and in situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 28, 2020
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Summary

Researchers developed novel bulk interface superionic conductors (BISCs) for solid-state batteries. These materials utilize continuous interfaces for ion conduction, achieving high ionic conductivities and enabling stable lithium metal battery cycling.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Ionics

Background:

  • Superionic conductors are crucial for solid-state batteries (SSBs), but current options are limited to specific structural families.
  • Interfacial conduction in composite systems is recognized as a potential pathway, yet practical applications remain unrealized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel class of superionic conductors based on interfacial conduction mechanisms.
  • To demonstrate the potential of these materials in solid-state battery applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of composite thin films with continuous interfaces in the bulk.
  • Characterization of ionic conductivity for lithium, sodium, and magnesium ion BISCs.
  • Testing of solid-state lithium metal symmetric batteries utilizing Li ion BISCs.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ionic conductivities of 1.16 mS cm-1 (Li+), 0.40 mS cm-1 (Na+), and 0.23 mS cm-1 (Mg2+) at 25 °C.
  • Demonstrated high areal conductances, reaching up to 464 mS cm-2 for Li+.
  • Observed ultralow overpotential and stable cycling (>5000 h) in Li metal symmetric batteries.

Conclusions:

  • Introduced bulk interface superionic conductors (BISCs) as a new class of ion-conducting materials.
  • Opened new structural possibilities for superionic conductors beyond traditional families.
  • Highlighted the need for further research into conduction mechanisms and material design principles for BISCs.