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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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Type 1 diabetes and COVID-19: The "lockdown effect".

Michele Aragona1, Cosimo Rodia2, Alessandra Bertolotto1

  • 1Section of Metabolic Diseases & Diabetes, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|September 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The COVID-19 lockdown improved glycemic control in people with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) or flash glucose monitoring (FGM). This suggests lifestyle changes positively impacted diabetes management.

Keywords:
COVID-19Flash glucose monitoring, continuous glucose monitoringLockdownTime above rangeTime below rangeTime in rangeType 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread lockdowns, altering daily routines globally.
  • Understanding the impact of these lifestyle changes on chronic conditions like Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in individuals with T1D.
  • To assess changes in glucose monitoring metrics using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) and Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM) during lockdown periods.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CGM/FGM data from 63 T1D patients.
  • Comparison of glucose readings from four periods: pre-lockdown, early lockdown, mid-lockdown, and post-lockdown.

Main Results:

  • Time in Range (TIR) significantly increased, while Time Above Range (TAR) decreased during lockdown periods compared to pre-lockdown.
  • Average glucose and Glucose Management Indicator (GMI) showed improvement, particularly post-lockdown.
  • Time Below Range (TBR) and glucose variability remained stable; improvements were noted in early morning glucose profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 lockdown did not negatively impact glycemic control in T1D patients using CGM/FGM.
  • A modest but significant improvement in glycemic control was observed, likely due to more regular daily activities and reduced stress.