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Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth.

Maree A Crepinsek1, Emily A Taylor2, Keryl Michener3

  • 1Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Australia.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|September 28, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preventing mastitis in breastfeeding women may be improved with acupoint massage and probiotics, though evidence for other methods is uncertain. Further research is needed to confirm effectiveness and ensure results are published.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Lactation Science
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Breastfeeding initiation and duration often fall below guidelines.
  • Lactation complications, particularly mastitis, are a primary reason for weaning.
  • Mastitis, an inflammation of the breast, can range from non-infective to severe infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive strategies for mastitis in postpartum breastfeeding women.
  • To assess interventions including breastfeeding education, pharmacological treatments, and alternative therapies.
  • To determine the impact on the occurrence and recurrence of mastitis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs.
  • Searched multiple clinical trial registries and databases up to October 2019.
  • Included trials on probiotics, breastfeeding advice, and holistic approaches; assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence using GRADE.

Main Results:

  • Acupoint massage likely reduces mastitis and breast pain (moderate-certainty evidence).
  • Probiotics may reduce mastitis risk compared to placebo (low-certainty evidence), but data is incomplete.
  • Antibiotics, topical treatments, and breastfeeding education showed uncertain or similar effects to usual care.

Conclusions:

  • Acupoint massage, probiotics, and breast massage with low-frequency pulse treatment show promise for mastitis prevention.
  • Evidence for other interventions is limited by low certainty and imprecision.
  • Incomplete reporting of trial results, particularly for probiotics, necessitates caution and future research with larger sample sizes.