Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays
10:01

Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays

Published on: April 23, 2012

18.5K

Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Has Different Impacts on Intestinal Barrier and Stem Cells by Its Route of Exposure

Hikaru Hanyu1, Yuki Yokoi2, Kiminori Nakamura2

  • 1Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.

Toxins
|September 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Basolateral exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) significantly damages intestinal barrier function and stem cells more than luminal exposure. This study highlights route-dependent toxicity of DON on intestinal health.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Toxicology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The impact of deoxynivalenol (DON) on intestinal health varies with exposure route.
  • Understanding DON's effects on intestinal barrier and stem cells is crucial for assessing its toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential toxic effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on intestinal barrier function and stem cells based on exposure route (luminal vs. basolateral).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three-dimensional mouse intestinal organoids (enteroids) for controlled luminal and basolateral DON exposure.
  • Assessed intestinal barrier integrity using fluorescein-labeled dextran influx and immunofluorescence for tight junction proteins (E-cadherin, claudin, ZO-1, occludin).
  • Evaluated stem cell effects using Lgr5-EGFP reporter mice and EdU incorporation assays to measure stem cell count and proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Basolateral DON exposure (1 µM) significantly disrupted intestinal barrier function and epithelial integrity compared to luminal exposure.
  • Only basolateral DON exposure suppressed leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)+ stem cell counts and proliferative cell ratios.
  • RNA sequencing revealed distinct gene expression profiles following basolateral versus luminal DON exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Basolateral DON exposure poses a greater threat to intestinal barrier integrity and stem cell populations than luminal exposure.
  • This study is the first to demonstrate route-dependent differential impacts of DON on intestinal stem cells.
  • Findings underscore the importance of considering the route of exposure when evaluating DON's gastrointestinal toxicity.
Keywords:
basolateral exposuredeoxynivalenolenteroidsintestinal barrierintestinal stem cellsluminal exposuremicroinjectionmycotoxinorganoids

More Related Videos

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids07:18

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids

Published on: March 26, 2020

14.1K
In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis09:11

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.5K

Related Concept Videos

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.3K
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
1.6K
Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
1.5K
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
3.0K
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
3.0K