IL-17A as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Immunology
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health concern, often progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
• Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a vital treatment for ESRD, but long-term use can lead to peritoneal membrane failure.
• Peritoneal membrane failure involves inflammation, fibrosis, and loss of function, increasing cardiovascular risk in PD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in peritoneal membrane injury during PD.
• To explore IL-17A as a potential therapeutic target for PD-associated complications.
• To summarize recent advancements in understanding IL-17A's contribution to peritoneal damage.

Main Methods:

• Review of experimental studies and clinical data on IL-17A in PD.
• Analysis of cellular sources of IL-17A in the peritoneum of PD patients.
• Evaluation of the effects of IL-17A blockade on peritoneal damage.

Main Results:

• IL-17A is implicated in peritoneal inflammation, angiogenesis, mesothelial cell loss, and fibrosis.
• Multiple cell types, including Th17 cells, γδ T cells, mast cells, and neutrophils, produce IL-17A in the peritoneum.
• Experimental IL-17A blockade demonstrated a protective effect against PD fluid-induced peritoneal damage.

Conclusions:

• IL-17A plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of peritoneal membrane injury and failure in PD patients.
• Targeting IL-17A presents a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate PD-associated complications.
• Further research into IL-17A inhibition could improve long-term outcomes for patients on peritoneal dialysis.