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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

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Trimming laser-written waveguides through overwriting.

Thomas Will, Jun Guan, Patrick S Salter

    Optics Express
    |September 29, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Device trimming using femtosecond laser direct writing can optimize optical waveguide circuits. This method overwrites existing structures to precisely tune device performance, addressing fabrication variability in components for optical processing.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Quantum Information Processing

    Background:

    • Femtosecond laser direct writing fabricates waveguide circuits for optical processing, essential in communications, astrophotonics, simulation, and quantum information processing.
    • Fabrication conditions can introduce variability in nominally identical waveguide components, impacting device performance.
    • Device trimming, a post-fabrication optimization technique, offers a solution to mitigate this variability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the application of device trimming for optimizing optical waveguide circuits manufactured via femtosecond laser direct writing.
    • To investigate the effectiveness of overwriting laser-written structures for precise control over device optical properties.
    • To specifically address the tuning of coupling ratios in directional couplers.

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    Main Methods:

    • Utilized femtosecond laser direct writing to fabricate initial waveguide structures.
    • Applied a device trimming process involving additional laser fabrication.
    • Employed measurement feedback to guide the overwriting process for property optimization.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated that device trimming can alter the optical properties of waveguide circuits.
    • Showcased the ability to modify coupling ratios in directional couplers by overwriting the laser-written structure.
    • Validated the potential of this technique to compensate for fabrication variability.

    Conclusions:

    • Device trimming is a viable method to optimize optical waveguide circuits fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing.
    • Overwriting existing laser-written structures provides a precise mechanism for tuning device performance, such as coupling ratios.
    • This approach enhances the manufacturability and reliability of optical components for advanced applications.