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Tissue-specific usage of transposable element-derived promoters in mouse development
Benpeng Miao1,2, Shuhua Fu1, Cheng Lyu1
1Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
Genome Biology
|September 29, 2020
Summary
Transposable elements (TEs) significantly impact genome evolution. Our study reveals TEs drive tissue-specific gene expression during mouse development, highlighting their crucial regulatory role.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Developmental Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Transposable elements (TEs) are key components of eukaryotic genomes, influencing genome evolution.
- TEs are increasingly recognized for their roles in early development, affecting biological functions and tissue formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epigenetic dynamics of mouse transposable elements during the development of five distinct tissues.
- To understand how accessible TEs contribute to gene regulation and tissue-specific expression patterns.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of epigenetic dynamics of transposable elements (TEs) across five developing mouse tissues.
- Identification of accessible TEs and their association with open chromatin regions.
- Characterization of TE-derived transcription start sites for protein-coding and lincRNA genes.
Main Results:
- Transposable elements are associated with over 20% of open chromatin regions during development.
- Nearly half of accessible TEs are activated in a single tissue and developmental stage, with most being rodent-specific.
- 453 accessible TEs create transcription start sites for downstream genes, including protein-coding and lincRNA genes, with most being mouse-specific.
Conclusions:
- Transposable element insertions enhance the genome's regulatory potential.
- Some TEs have been domesticated to regulate tissue-specific gene expression during mouse development.
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