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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
231
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

256
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
256
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
125
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

185
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
185
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

285
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
285

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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Sex Differences in Infective Endocarditis.

Ilya Polishchuk1, Vered Stavi2, Jenan Awesat2

  • 1Internal Medicine Outpatient Ward, Soroka Univerity Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|September 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sex significantly impacts infective endocarditis (IE) microbial profiles and outcomes. While in-hospital mortality was similar, female patients experienced higher all-cause mortality in this study of IE.

Keywords:
Infective EndocarditisSex differences in etiologySex differences in outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • The influence of sex on infective endocarditis (IE) presentation, causes, and outcomes requires further investigation.
  • This study aimed to analyze sex-based differences in IE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sex on the clinical presentation, etiology, and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE).
  • To compare male and female patients diagnosed with IE.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 214 adult patients with IE was conducted.
  • Patients were categorized into male and female groups for comparison.
  • In-hospital mortality served as the primary outcome measure.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in etiologic factors were observed between male and female IE patients.
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococcus was more prevalent in males (15.0% vs. 3.8%), while culture-negative endocarditis was more common in females (23.8% vs. 8.7%).
  • All-cause mortality was significantly higher in females (31.3%) compared to males (16.8%).

Conclusions:

  • Sex plays a crucial role in the microbial profile of infective endocarditis.
  • Patient outcomes in IE are also influenced by sex.
  • Further research into sex-specific aspects of IE is warranted.