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Related Concept Videos

Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

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Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
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Success of Escherichia coli O25b:H4 Sequence Type 131 Clade C Associated with a Decrease in Virulence.

Marion Duprilot1,2, Alexandra Baron1, François Blanquart1,3

  • 1Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, Paris, France.

Infection and Immunity
|September 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST131 clade C strains show reduced virulence compared to older clade B strains. This evolution may involve losing virulence factors, potentially increasing overall fitness by avoiding severe infections.

Keywords:
Escherichia coliST131fimbriaeibeART operonin vivo virulenceniche adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) lineage ST131 is a major global pathogen, known for fluoroquinolone resistance and CTX-M-15 production.
  • Multidrug-resistant ST131 strains belong to the recently emerged clade C, evolving from clade B.
  • The dissemination of ST131 suggests factors beyond antibiotic resistance may be involved, as other ExPEC lineages are largely antibiotic-susceptible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if virulence traits, beyond multidrug resistance, differ between ST131 clades B and C.
  • To compare early biofilm production, virulence factor carriage, and in vivo virulence in mouse models.
  • To identify specific genes associated with in vivo virulence.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of 19 clade B and 20 clade C ST131 strains for biofilm production, virulence factors, and mouse sepsis model outcomes.
  • Gene inactivation experiments to assess the role of H30-fimB and ibeART genes.
  • Competition assays in sepsis, gut colonization, and urinary tract infection models using representative strains from different clades.

Main Results:

  • Clade B strains exhibited significantly earlier biofilm production, carried more virulence factors, and were more lethal in mice than clade C strains.
  • The H30-fimB and ibeART genes were identified as contributing to in vivo virulence.
  • In competition assays, clade B strains consistently outcompeted clade C strains, with a B4 strain also outcompeting a C1 strain depending on the niche.

Conclusions:

  • Clade C evolution appears to involve a progressive loss of virulence, potentially enhancing overall strain fitness by mitigating severe infections.
  • This trade-off may come at the cost of reduced colonization ability.
  • Understanding these evolutionary dynamics is crucial for combating ExPEC infections.