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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

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Group B Streptococcal Disease in England (1998 - 2017): A Population-based Observational Study

Seilesh Kadambari1, Caroline L Trotter2, Paul T Heath3

  • 1Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|September 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Group B Strep (GBS) disease incidence in infants remains stable, but GBS-attributable mortality has significantly decreased. Further prevention strategies, like maternal vaccination, are crucial for infant health.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a primary cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates.
  • Understanding the burden of GBS disease in infants is critical for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence and mortality of GBS disease in infants under 90 days in England.
  • To compare GBS-affected infants with the general infant population regarding health outcomes and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized linked National Health Service (NHS) hospitalization records from 1998 to 2017.
  • Calculated annual GBS incidence and mortality rates.
  • Employed regression models to compare outcomes between GBS-affected and unaffected infants.

Main Results:

  • 15,429 infants diagnosed with GBS, with an average annual incidence of 1.28 per 1000 live births.
  • GBS-attributable mortality significantly declined by an annual percentage change of -6.6% from 2001 to 2017.
  • Infants with GBS exhibited higher relative rates of visual impairment, cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, and necrotizing enterocolitis.

Conclusions:

  • GBS disease incidence in infants has remained unchanged over 19 years.
  • Reduced mortality is attributed to improved antibiotic use and neonatal care.
  • Prioritizing new prevention methods, including maternal vaccination, is essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
Group B Streptococcusclinical burdenepidemiologymortality

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