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Patient Case Report: Gabapentin-Induced Hypoglycemia.

William J Hayes¹, Abigale Ferdinand², Stephan Neabore³

¹15488South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Monument Health-Flormann Clinic, Rapid City, SD, USA.

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

|September 29, 2020

Summary

This case report details a severe hypoglycemia episode in a patient without diabetes, potentially caused by gabapentin. Further research is needed to explore this adverse drug reaction.

Keywords:

blood glucose gabapentin hypoglycemia patient case report

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Neurology
Endocrinology

Background:

Gabapentin, an analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has an incompletely understood mechanism of action.
Common gabapentin side effects include somnolence, sedation, and dizziness.
While hyperglycemia is noted in labeling, case reports suggest hypoglycemia is also a potential adverse drug reaction.

Observation:

A 47-year-old female presented with altered mental status and severe hypoglycemia (blood glucose 33 mg/dL).
Gabapentin therapy was initiated one week prior to the hypoglycemic event.
No other common causes for severe hypoglycemia were identified in her medical history or medication list.

Findings:

The patient experienced a significant drop in blood glucose levels after starting gabapentin.
The observed hypoglycemia was severe and presented with altered mental status.
The case suggests a potential causal link between gabapentin and hypoglycemia in non-diabetic individuals.

Implications:

Gabapentin's interaction with voltage-gated calcium channels, specifically the alpha2delta subunit in pancreatic cells, may contribute to hypoglycemia.
This case highlights the importance of considering gabapentin as a potential cause of hypoglycemia, even in patients without diabetes.
Further investigation into the glucose-lowering effects of gabapentin is warranted.