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Cardiac Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematous: An Overview of the Incidence, Risk Factors, Diagnostic

Nicole K Zagelbaum Ward1, Carlos Linares-Koloffon2, Alba Posligua3

  • 1From the Department of Rheumatology, Keck School of Medicine/University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Cardiology in Review
|September 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause various heart problems, increasing patient risk. This review updates knowledge on SLE cardiac issues and current treatments, highlighting the need for further research on mortality impacts.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease.
  • Cardiac involvement is a frequent and serious complication of SLE.
  • SLE-related heart disease contributes significantly to patient morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of cardiac manifestations in SLE.
  • To update current understanding of SLE heart disease management.
  • To discuss the impact of SLE treatments on cardiac outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiac disease.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic agents for SLE.
  • Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in SLE patients.

Main Results:

  • SLE can manifest in various cardiac forms: pericarditis, myocarditis, valvular disease, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and arrhythmias.
  • Heart disease in SLE is linked to higher morbidity and mortality rates.
  • The efficacy of traditional coronary artery disease treatments in SLE patients remains uncertain.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac complications are a major concern in SLE management.
  • Current SLE therapies include glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine, and various immunosuppressants.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the impact of treatments on cardiovascular mortality in SLE.

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