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The relationship between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation: A meta-analysis.
Feiyang Xiong1, Li Wang2, Lianlian Shen2
1School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
|September 29, 2020
Summary
Individuals with multimorbidity, the presence of two or more medical conditions, face a significantly higher risk of suicidal ideation (SI). This meta-analysis confirms multimorbidity as a key risk factor for SI, especially in cases of physical and mental multimorbidity.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions, is increasingly recognized as a significant public health challenge.
- The interplay between physical and mental health conditions in multimorbidity requires further investigation regarding its impact on mental health outcomes.
- Suicidal ideation (SI) is a critical public health concern, and understanding its risk factors is paramount for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis assessing the relationship between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation (SI).
- To evaluate the pooled association between having multiple physical, mental, or combined conditions and the risk of SI.
- To identify specific multimorbidity profiles associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published up to March 2020.
- Included studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality criteria.
- Meta-analysis techniques, including subgroup and sensitivity analyses, were employed to determine the pooled odd ratio (OR) for the association between multimorbidity and SI, with publication bias assessed.
Main Results:
- Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing a diverse range of populations and study designs.
- The pooled odd ratio (OR) indicated a significant association between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation, with OR = 2.90 (95% CI 2.29-3.67, P < .001).
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and no significant publication bias was detected.
Conclusions:
- Multimorbidity is a significant independent risk factor for suicidal ideation.
- Healthcare providers should proactively assess for suicidal ideation in patients with multimorbidity, particularly those with co-occurring physical and mental health conditions.
- Targeted interventions for individuals with multimorbidity are crucial for reducing the risk of suicidal ideation in clinical practice.
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