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Mobile Elements in Ray-Finned Fish Genomes.

Federica Carducci1, Marco Barucca1, Adriana Canapa1

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Transposable elements (TEs) significantly drive the vast diversity and genome size variation in ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii). Class II DNA transposons are particularly abundant, highlighting their role in fish evolution and adaptation.

Keywords:
genome evolutionray-finned fishestransposable elements

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ichthyology

Background:

  • Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity and habitat adaptation.
  • Genome size variation in fishes is largely attributed to transposable elements (TEs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular basis of phenotypic diversity in ray-finned fishes.
  • To understand the role of transposable elements in driving species diversity and adaptation in Actinopterygii.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing and analysis of transposable element content.
  • Comparative genomics across diverse actinopterygian species.

Main Results:

  • Class II DNA transposons are the most abundant TE component in most fish genomes.
  • Actinopterygians possess numerous TE superfamilies, exceeding those in other vertebrates.
  • Specific TEs correlate with environmental adaptations in ray-finned fishes.

Conclusions:

  • Transposable elements are key drivers of biodiversity and genome evolution in ray-finned fishes.
  • Actinopterygii serve as a valuable model group for studying TE-mediated evolution and adaptation.