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Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Production of Germ-Free Fast-Growing Broilers from a Commercial Line for Microbiota Studies

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Published on: June 18, 2020

Antimicrobial Use in Broilers Reared at Different Stocking Densities: A Retrospective Study.

Jacopo Tarakdjian¹, Katia Capello¹, Dario Pasqualin¹

¹Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI

|September 30, 2020

Summary

Higher broiler stocking densities (39 kg/m²) did not significantly impact mortality, feed conversion, or antimicrobial use (AMU). However, increased AMU variability was observed at higher densities in intensive farms.

Keywords:

DDD antimicrobial use broiler stocking density welfare

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Area of Science:

Animal Science
Veterinary Medicine
Agricultural Economics

Background:

European Union Directive 2007/43/EC permits broiler stocking densities up to 39 kg/m² under specific environmental conditions.
Limited data exists on the impact of varying stocking densities on broiler health, welfare, and antimicrobial use.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare broiler mortality, feed conversion rate, and antimicrobial use (AMU) between farms with stocking densities of 39 kg/m² and 33 kg/m².
To investigate the effect of stocking density on AMU variability in intensive broiler farming.

Main Methods:

Annual data from 257 farms at 39 kg/m² and 87 farms at 33 kg/m² across Italy were analyzed.
Antimicrobial use was quantified using the European Medicines Agency's defined daily doses (DDD) method.
Stratified analyses considered sex and geographical location (Italy vs. Northern Italy).

Main Results:

No significant differences in broiler mortality, feed conversion rate, or AMU were found between the two stocking densities.
A higher variability in AMU was observed among farms with 39 kg/m² stocking density compared to those at 33 kg/m².
Stocking density did not significantly affect AMU when analyzed by sex or geographical area.

Conclusions:

Antimicrobial use in intensive broiler farms does not appear to be significantly affected by stocking densities within the range studied (33-39 kg/m²).
Increased stocking density may lead to greater variability in antimicrobial use among farms, warranting further investigation.