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Phages in Anaerobic Systems.

Santiago Hernández1, Martha J Vives1,2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.

Viruses
|September 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteriophages (phages) interacting with anaerobic bacteria are understudied. This review highlights how oxygen availability, or anaerobiosis, significantly impacts phage infection cycles, particularly in facultative anaerobes.

Keywords:
aerobicanaerobicbacteriabacteriophagefacultative

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria.
  • Most phage research has focused on aerobic environments, neglecting the role of oxygen availability.
  • Anaerobic environments are widespread, yet phage-bacteria interactions in these settings are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on phages infecting anaerobic bacteria (obligate and facultative).
  • To discuss the influence of anaerobiosis (lack of oxygen) on phage-host interactions.
  • To emphasize the importance of oxygen as a variable in phage infection dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on phages active against facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria.
  • Analysis of how bacterial metabolic shifts in response to oxygen availability affect phage infection.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on the impact of anaerobiosis on phage-bacteria relationships.

Main Results:

  • Few studies specifically investigate phage infections in obligate anaerobes under anoxic conditions.
  • Facultative anaerobes undergo significant metabolic changes when transitioning between aerobic and anaerobic environments.
  • These metabolic changes in facultative anaerobes are expected to influence their susceptibility and response to phage infection.

Conclusions:

  • Anaerobiosis is a critical, often overlooked, parameter in phage-bacteria interactions.
  • The impact of oxygen availability on phage infection is particularly significant for facultative anaerobic bacteria.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate phage dynamics in diverse anaerobic environments.