A Theory on the Components of Depression Self-Management in Older Adults

Depression is the most prevalent mental illness in older adults and is expected to increase with population aging. Health care policy in higher income countries increasingly promotes the self-management of long-term conditions, including depression. Scant research has considered how older adults understand and practice self-management. In this article, we present the findings of a grounded theory study which sought to explain how older community-based adults experience and self-manage depression. Interviews and observations were conducted with 32 older adults with a formal diagnosis of moderate depression. Participants responded to a diagnosis of depression by Taking stock, Accessing support, and Reclaiming self-identity. Their efforts were influenced by perspectives on age and depression, access to the health care system, and individual capacity for self-management. Improved understanding of how to facilitate self-management strategies may enable older adults to remain independent and healthier for longer, while moderating the risk of a chronic condition worsening.