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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

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A Thalamic Orphan Receptor Drives Variability in Short-Term Memory.

Kuangfu Hsiao1, Chelsea Noble1, Wendy Pitman2

  • 1Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Cell
|September 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified Gpr12 as a key gene influencing working memory performance in mice. This orphan receptor enhances thalamus-prefrontal cortex synchrony, offering new insights into short-term memory mechanisms.

Keywords:
GPCRRNAgenetic Variation/geneticsgenome/geneticsmemory/physiologymessenger/analysismiceneural pathways/physiologyoutbredprefrontal cortex/physiologyquantitative trait loci/geneticsthalamus/cytologythalamus/physiologytranscriptome/genetics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Working memory involves maintaining and updating information for goal-directed behavior.
  • Classical models emphasize prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity, but other mechanisms are being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genetic factors influencing working memory.
  • To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying working memory.

Main Methods:

  • Screened approximately 200 genetically diverse mice on a working memory task.
  • Utilized genetic locus mapping, gene identification, and molecular, cellular, and imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Identified a genetic locus on chromosome 5 explaining 17% of working memory variance.
  • Found that the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor Gpr12 significantly impacts working memory.
  • Demonstrated that Gpr12 facilitates thalamus-PFC synchrony, crucial for memory maintenance and accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Gpr12 is a potent genetic modifier of short-term memory.
  • Findings support a thalamus-centric framework complementing PFC-based models of working memory.