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Persistent Poverty and Cancer Mortality Rates: An Analysis of County-Level Poverty Designations
Jennifer L Moss1,2, Casey N Pinto2, Shobha Srinivasan3
1National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. jmoss1@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.
Summary
Cancer mortality is significantly higher in persistent poverty counties. These areas face unique challenges, necessitating targeted research and interventions to address cancer disparities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Social Determinants of Health
Background:
- Persistent poverty, defined as 20% or more residents in poverty since 1980, presents unique social, structural, and behavioral challenges.
- These challenges may increase cancer vulnerability among residents in long-term impoverished areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cancer mortality rates in counties classified by persistent poverty.
- To compare cancer mortality in persistent poverty counties versus current poverty counties.
Main Methods:
- Calculated county-level, age-adjusted cancer mortality rates (2007-2011).
- Classified counties based on persistent poverty (≥20% poverty since 1980) and current poverty (≥20% poverty 2007-2011).
- Utilized two-sample t tests and multivariate linear regression for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Overall cancer mortality was 12.3% higher in persistent poverty counties compared to non-persistent poverty counties.
- Persistent poverty counties showed higher mortality for overall cancer and specific types: lung, colorectal, stomach, and liver.
- Counties with both current and persistent poverty exhibited elevated mortality for all cancer types, including lung, colorectal, breast, stomach, and liver.
Conclusions:
- Cancer mortality is demonstrably higher in persistent poverty counties.
- These findings underscore the need for etiological research and policy interventions to mitigate cancer disparities in persistently impoverished regions.
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