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Related Concept Videos

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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Coronary Thrombosis From Superficial Calcific Sheet.

Ariana Gonzálvez-García1, Harold Hernández-Matamoros, Santiago Jiménez-Valero

  • 1La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain. arianagonzalvez@gmail.com.

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology
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Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) effectively identified a superficial calcific sheet in vivo. This imaging technique helped exclude other acute coronary syndrome causes, aiding diagnosis.

Keywords:
acute coronary syndromecalcified plaquesuperficial calcific sheet

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) necessitate rapid and accurate diagnosis.
  • Distinguishing between various ACS etiologies is critical for appropriate treatment.
  • Superficial calcific sheets are a potential, though less common, cause of ACS.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a patient presenting with symptoms suggestive of ACS.
  • The application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in vivo imaging of coronary arteries.
  • Detailed visualization of a distinct superficial calcific sheet within the coronary vessel wall.

Findings:

  • OCT provided high-resolution, in vivo characterization of the superficial calcific sheet.
  • The imaging findings allowed for the exclusion of other common ACS causes, such as plaque rupture or dissection.
  • The morphology of the calcific sheet was clearly delineated, aiding in its identification.

Implications:

  • OCT can be a valuable tool for diagnosing uncommon causes of ACS.
  • In vivo imaging with OCT enhances the understanding of coronary artery pathologies.
  • Accurate characterization of coronary lesions improves patient management and treatment strategies.