Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 7, 2025

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
Published on: January 22, 2013
Evaluation of Proteinuria Using Urine Protein : Creatine Ratio in Treatment with Molecular Targeted Agents for
Katsuyuki Nakamura1,2, Toshiaki Tanaka3, Naoya Masumori3
1Division of Hospital Pharmacy, Sapporo Medical University.
Abstract:
The usefulness of the urine protein : creatine ratio (UPCR) in management of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy has not been studied, although urine protein dipstick testing (uPr) is widely used in the clinical setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of UPCR as compared to uPr in patients undergoing molecular targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A total of 25 patients (median age 68 years) with advanced RCC were included. Sunitinib, pazopanib, axitinib, sorefenib, everolimus, and nivolumab were administered to 15, 9, 16, 3, 7, and 13 patients, respectively, with duplication. Proteinuria was managed according to the grade determined by UPCR. Data at every treatment visit were retrospectively collected and uPr and UPCR were compared. The overall incidences of any grade of proteinuria associated with sunitinib, pazopanib, axitinib, sorafenib and everolimus were 86.7, 88.9, 93.8, 100, and 85.7%, respectively. There were discordances between the uPr-based grade and UPCR-based grade. UPCR did not meet the criteria of Grade 3 in 70.6, 100, 83.3, and 83.3% at visits in cases with uPr 3+ for sunitinib, pazopanib, sorafenib, and everolimus, respectively. In axitinib treatment, UPCR did not meet the criteria for withholding in 46.2% of the cases of uPr 2+ and more. Our study suggests that UPCR may be useful tool in management of adverse events associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, everolimus and can provide patients with optimal opportunities for receiving treatment.
Related Concept Videos
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management
Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

