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Social efficiency deficit deciphers social dilemmas.

Md Rajib Arefin1,2, K M Ariful Kabir3,4, Marko Jusup5

  • 1Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan. arefin.math@du.ac.bd.

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Social dilemmas, from climate inaction to cancer, involve self-interest versus collective good. A new metric, the social efficiency deficit, quantifies this conflict, offering a universal approach to understanding and resolving complex societal challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Socioeconomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Social dilemmas represent a conflict between individual self-interest and long-term collective well-being.
  • Existing models often simplify these dilemmas to dyadic games, limiting applicability to complex real-world issues.
  • Concepts like 'dilemma strength' are useful but confined to stylized scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a generalized metric, the social efficiency deficit, applicable to diverse social dilemmas.
  • To demonstrate how this metric can quantify the conflict between self-interest and collective interest.
  • To provide a calculable framework for understanding and addressing complex societal and biological challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the concept of social efficiency deficit as a measure of potential utility/fitness gain.
  • Applied the metric to progressively complex scenarios, from dyadic games to carcinogenesis and vaccination dilemmas.
  • Demonstrated the mathematical relationship between social efficiency deficit and dilemma strength in simple cases.

Main Results:

  • The social efficiency deficit generalizes dilemma strength across various complexities of social dilemmas.
  • It is numerically calculable for complex scenarios like cancer and vaccination, where dilemma strength is not.
  • The metric quantifies the gap between current suboptimal states and potential optimal outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The social efficiency deficit offers a unified approach to understanding and quantifying social dilemmas.
  • Policymakers should aim to increase the social efficiency deficit to incentivize societal shifts towards better outcomes.
  • This framework has broad implications for addressing issues ranging from climate change to public health.