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Effect of human erythrocyte stromata on complement activation.

R Corrocher, F Tedesco, P Rabusin

    British Journal of Haematology
    |February 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Red blood cell stroma and associated factors can inhibit or enhance complement-mediated lysis, potentially influencing hemolytic crises in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). These findings suggest the alternate complement pathway may control classical pathway activation in PNH.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Immunology
    • Complement System

    Background:

    • Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis.
    • The role of red blood cell stroma and its associated factors in PNH pathogenesis is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of red blood cell stroma and specific eluted factors on complement-mediated lysis.
    • To explore the involvement of the alternate complement pathway in PNH and its interaction with the classical pathway.

    Main Methods:

    • Sucrose lysis test and acidified-serum test were performed using normal and PNH-like red blood cells and their respective stroma.
    • Sephadex G-200 gel filtration was used to isolate factors from stroma.
    • Immunoelectrophoresis confirmed complement pathway activation.

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  • Complement activation via the alternate pathway was induced and its effect on classical pathway-mediated lysis was assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Red blood cell stroma and Sephadex G-200 exclusion peaks inhibited sucrose hemolysis and enhanced acidified-serum hemolysis.
    • Stromata and peaks induced lysis of PNH-like cells in unacidified serum, indicating alternate complement pathway activation.
    • Pre-activation of the alternate pathway significantly reduced lysis in the sucrose test, suggesting control over classical pathway activation.

    Conclusions:

    • A common factor in red blood cell stroma and eluted peaks influences both classical and alternate complement pathways.
    • The alternate complement pathway may play a regulatory role in controlling classical pathway activation in PNH.
    • These findings have potential clinical implications for understanding and managing hemolytic crises in PNH patients.