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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

4.9K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

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Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

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Electrocardiographic changes in patients undergoing targeted temperature management.

Simi Jandu1, Nana Sefa2, Kelly N Sawyer3

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak Michigan USA.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest shows minimal ECG changes. Few self-limiting interval changes and no significant dysrhythmias were observed during cooling and rewarming.

Keywords:
EKGcardiac arrestdysrhythmiastargeted temperature management

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Cooling or Warming the Esophagus to Reduce Esophageal Injury During Left Atrial Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Targeted temperature management (TTM) is standard post-cardiac arrest care to improve neurological outcomes.
  • Electrocardiographic (ECG) instability, including dysrhythmias, can occur during TTM.
  • Understanding the frequency of ECG changes during TTM is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of ECG interval changes and clinically significant dysrhythmias in patients undergoing TTM.
  • To assess the safety profile of TTM concerning cardiac electrical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 322 patients from 2009-2015.
  • Patients received TTM at 33.5°C for 24 hours, followed by 16 hours of rewarming.
  • ECG parameters and dysrhythmias were recorded at baseline, 24, and 48 hours post-resuscitation.

Main Results:

  • Significant changes observed in heart rate, QRS duration, and QTc interval during TTM.
  • Heart rate decreased, while QRS duration and QTc interval increased during TTM.
  • Some cardiac dysrhythmias requiring treatment occurred during cooling and rewarming phases.

Conclusions:

  • TTM is associated with some self-limiting ECG interval changes.
  • No clinically significant dysrhythmias were identified as a major concern during TTM in this cohort.
  • TTM appears safe from a cardiac electrical stability perspective in this patient population.