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Bioactive extracts from brewer's spent grain.

Teresa Bonifácio-Lopes1, Ana A Vilas Boas2, Ezequiel R Coscueta2

  • 1Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal. mpintado@porto.ucp.pt and CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.

Food & Function
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) yields antioxidant-rich extracts using green solvents. The 60% ethanol:water extract showed the highest antioxidant and bioactive compound levels, demonstrating safe and viable recovery from this byproduct.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a rich source of bioactive compounds.
  • Sustainable extraction methods are needed to valorize BSG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize antioxidant-rich extracts from BSG using green solvents.
  • To evaluate the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, and biological activities of BSG extracts.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-to-liquid extraction using water, ethanol, and hydroethanolic mixtures (80:20 and 60:40 v/v).
  • Analysis of nutritional composition, total phenolics, individual phenolic compounds (HPLC), antioxidant capacity (ABTS, ORAC, DNA protection), antihypertensive, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities.
  • Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assessments.

Main Results:

  • All extracts showed high antioxidant capacity, with the 60% ethanol:water extract yielding the highest values.
  • Catechin and vanillin were identified as major phenolic compounds in the 60% ethanol:water extract.
  • Water and hydroethanolic extracts exhibited multifunctional bioactivities, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antibacterial, and antibiofilm properties. All extracts were non-genotoxic and safe up to 1 mg/mL.

Conclusions:

  • Green solvent-based extraction effectively recovers bioactive compounds from BSG.
  • BSG extracts, particularly from 60% ethanol:water, possess significant antioxidant and multifunctional biological properties.
  • This study highlights a low-cost, viable method for valorizing BSG into valuable bioactive ingredients.