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Highly Tunable Thiol-Ene Photoresins for Volumetric Additive Manufacturing.

Caitlyn C Cook1, Erika J Fong1, Johanna J Schwartz1

  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM) now uses thiol-ene resins, enabling 3D printing of polymers with tunable mechanical properties. This advancement overcomes limitations of traditional acrylate formulations for high-performance applications.

Keywords:
acrylatephotopolymerizationthiol-enetomographyvolumetric additive manufacturing

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM) creates 3D objects in one step, avoiding layering defects and yielding parts with bulk-like properties.
  • Current VAM primarily uses acrylate resins, limiting material diversity and mechanical performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first use of thiol-ene resins in VAM for enhanced material properties.
  • To establish a framework for spatial-temporal control in VAM using thiol-ene chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporated 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) as a radical scavenger to enable oxygen-tolerant thiol-ene polymerization for VAM.
  • Balanced inhibitor and initiator content to tune reaction kinetics.
  • Quantitatively measured absorbed volumetric optical dose to control polymer conversion and gelation.
  • Demonstrated 3D printing using tomographic volumetric VAM with thiol-ene resins.

Main Results:

  • Successfully 3D printed thiol-ene resins using VAM, achieving tunable mechanical properties.
  • Thiol-ene resins offer a wider range of mechanical responses compared to acrylate-based VAM resins.
  • Established a comprehensive framework for controlling volumetric energy distribution during VAM.

Conclusions:

  • Thiol-ene chemistry significantly expands the material palette and property range for VAM.
  • This work represents a significant step towards high-performance 3D printed polymers using VAM.
  • The developed framework enables precise control over the VAM process for diverse applications.