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Common knowledge that help is needed increases helping behavior in children.

Barbora Siposova1, Sebastian Grueneisen2, Katharina Helming1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

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Summary

Children

Keywords:
Common knowledgeHelpingMotivationObligationProsocialityStrategic behaviour

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Helping behavior can be motivated by altruism or obligation.
  • Obligation to help may increase with shared knowledge of need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if common knowledge influences children's helping behavior.
  • To determine if shared awareness of need strengthens the obligation to help.

Main Methods:

  • Six-year-old children participated in a helping dilemma.
  • Children were assigned to either common knowledge or private knowledge conditions regarding an experimenter's need.
  • Helping behavior was assessed by choosing between collecting stickers or helping the experimenter.

Main Results:

  • Children were more likely to help when they and the experimenter shared common knowledge of the need.
  • Helping rates differed significantly between common knowledge and private knowledge conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Common knowledge enhances the sense of obligation to help in young children.
  • This suggests an early developmental emergence of obligation-based helping.