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A Developing Nation's Experience in Using Simulation-Based Training as a Preparation Tool for the Coronavirus Disease
P S Loh1, Sook-Hui Chaw, Ina I Shariffuddin
1From the Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Anesthesia and Analgesia
|October 1, 2020
Summary
Simulation-based training effectively prepared anesthetic departments in developing nations for the COVID-19 pandemic. This rapid training enhanced staff safety, patient care, and established new institutional guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Public Health
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed global healthcare systems.
- Developing nations' smaller hospitals lacked preparedness for the outbreak.
- Anesthetic departments faced unprecedented challenges during the pandemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the preparation of an anesthetic department using simulation-based training.
- To address the rapid rise in COVID-19 cases in resource-limited settings.
- To enhance staff safety, patient movement, and clinical scenario preparedness.
Main Methods:
- Prioritized staff safety, patient movement, and clinical scenarios.
- Utilized rapid-cycle deliberate practice for personal protective equipment (PPE) and respirator training.
- Employed Peyton's 4 steps and Harden's Three Circle model for airway management skills.
- Conducted system probing and debriefing for clinical scenarios.
- Evaluated training using Kirkpatrick Model (reaction, learning, behavior, impact) via online surveys.
Main Results:
- High completion rates: 93% consultants, 100% specialists, 100% medical officers.
- All respondents found training relevant; 98% correctly identified aerosol-generating procedures and PPE indications.
- Significant recall of donning/doffing steps (43-52%).
- Reported behavioral changes in hand hygiene (20%), PPE use (27%), and airway management (10%).
- Emerging outcomes included vigilance, physical distancing, planning, and team communication.
- Training led to the establishment of institutional guidelines.
Conclusions:
- Simulation-based training is a valuable tool for resource-limited institutions during outbreaks.
- This approach addresses the need for urgent medical education during health crises.
- The described preparation model offers practical recommendations for similar settings.
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