Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System
Published on: May 5, 2018
Valvular Heart Disease in Pregnancy
Anna E Bortnick1, Lisa D Levine2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Maternal Fetal Medicine-Cardiology Joint Program at the Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Abstract:
The number of reproductive age women with valvular heart disease is rising and accounts for one third of all heart disease among pregnant women. Severe, symptomatic left-sided cardiac lesions, particularly mitral and aortic stenosis, and mechanical heart valves, are associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Decreasing maternal and fetal risk requires shared decision-making among patients and the heart team, consisting of obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists, and cardiologists.
Related Concept Videos
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

