Targeting Notch Trafficking and Processing in Cancers

Luca Pagliaro1, Claudia Sorrentino1, Giovanni Roti1

  • 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.

Cells
|October 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This review explores how Notch protein modifications regulate its movement within cells. Understanding these trafficking mechanisms offers new therapeutic strategies for cancer, potentially complementing existing treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The Notch signaling pathway is crucial for development and homeostasis, involving four ligand-dependent receptors.
  • Notch proteins undergo extensive post-translational modifications (glycosylation, ubiquitination, endocytosis) and trafficking.
  • These modifications occur in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi, preceding proteolysis and nuclear translocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Notch signaling in cancer.
  • To describe Notch protein modifications essential for subcellular relocation.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting Notch trafficking.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Notch signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of post-translational modifications and their impact on Notch protein trafficking.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting Notch signaling.

Main Results:

  • Notch protein trafficking is a complex process involving multiple subcellular compartments.
  • Specific modifications dictate Notch protein movement and localization.
  • Interfering with Notch trafficking presents a novel therapeutic avenue.

Conclusions:

  • Notch protein modifications are critical for its signaling functions and cellular localization.
  • Targeting Notch trafficking pathways offers a promising alternative to traditional therapies like gamma-secretase inhibitors.
  • Further research into trafficking modulators could lead to innovative cancer treatments.

Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
5.9K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.3K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.3K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.6K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.5K
Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
8.1K