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Deleterious substances in aggregates can be detrimental to the quality and durability of concrete. These substances include organic impurities like loam, which interfere with cement hydration and are usually present in the sand. These prevent a good bond between aggregate and cement paste. Organic impurities can be detected using the colorimetric test, where the darkness of a solution after agitation indicates the level of organic content.
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Preplaced aggregate concrete is ideal for construction environments that are not easily accessible. The process begins by properly wetting the gap-graded coarse aggregates to remove the dirt, then placing it in the form and compacting it. Voids are filled with a mortar mix pumped under pressure through slotted pipes. This mortar typically consists of Portland cement, pozzolan, fine aggregates, water, and a fluidizing aid. The pozzolan helps reduce bleeding and segregation while improving the...
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Design Example: Aggregate Gradation01:24

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The right type and quality of aggregates are crucial for concrete as they significantly influence its properties, mix proportions, and cost-effectiveness. If different sources are available for sand, the commonly used fine aggregate in concrete, the selection of sand is primarily based on its gradation.
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Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
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Improving Recycled Aggregate Quality by Mechanical Pre-Processing.

Madumita Sadagopan1, Katarina Malaga2, Agnes Nagy1

  • 1Department of Resource Recovery and Building Technology, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical and pre-soaking techniques enhance crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) quality. This improves the compressive strength of concrete with high CCA content, making it comparable to reference concrete.

Keywords:
aggregate qualityaggregate shapecompressive strengthconcrete recyclingmechanical pre-processingpacking densityrecycled aggregatessustainabilityworkability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Sustainable Construction

Background:

  • Concrete utilizing crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) typically exhibits lower compressive strength compared to concrete made with natural aggregates.
  • Existing research indicates a need to improve the performance of concrete incorporating significant amounts of CCA.
  • High replacement levels (53% and 100%) of natural aggregates with CCA present challenges for maintaining structural integrity without increasing cement content.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the quality of crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) through combined mechanical and pre-soaking pre-processing techniques.
  • To improve the compressive strength of structural concrete utilizing 53% and 100% CCA replacements without increasing cement content.
  • To investigate the relationship between aggregate quality improvements and concrete performance metrics like compressive strength and workability.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanical pre-processing of fine and coarse CCA using a rotating drum for 10 and 15 minutes, respectively.
  • Pre-soaking of mechanically treated CCA before concrete mixing.
  • Evaluation of changes in adhered mortar content, water absorption, particle grading, shape, and packing density of CCA post-processing.
  • Testing of compressive strength and workability of concrete mixes with varying percentages of pre-processed CCA.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical pre-processing significantly reduces adhered mortar content and water absorption in CCA.
  • Pre-processing enhances CCA particle characteristics, leading to increased packing density.
  • Concrete with 53% and 100% pre-processed CCA replacement achieved compressive strength and workability comparable to reference concrete.
  • A positive correlation was observed between increased packing density of CCA and improved concrete compressive strength and workability.

Conclusions:

  • Combined mechanical and pre-soaking pre-processing effectively improves the quality of crushed concrete aggregates (CCA).
  • Packing density serves as a key indicator for assessing the quality improvements achieved through CCA pre-processing.
  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of using high percentages of CCA in structural concrete with performance comparable to conventional concrete.