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Magnetohydrodynamic simulations show that binary black hole mergers in plasma-rich environments produce consistent Poynting luminosity and synchrotron emission, regardless of initial conditions. This aids in predicting electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational waves.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Computational Physics
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy

Background:

  • Binary black hole (BBH) mergers are key sources for gravitational wave (GW) observatories.
  • Mergers in plasma-rich environments may produce observable electromagnetic (EM) counterparts.
  • Mechanisms generating these EM counterparts are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore mechanisms driving EM counterparts from BBH mergers.
  • To investigate the influence of initial configurations on EM signal generation.
  • To simulate BBH mergers in plasma environments using magnetohydrodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of equal-mass BBH binaries.
  • Included initially homogeneous fluid with uniform, orbitally aligned magnetic fields.
  • Calculated Poynting luminosity, jet-like emissions, and plasma synchrotron emissions via geodesic ray-tracing.

Main Results:

  • Poynting luminosity, driving jet-like emissions, is largely insensitive to initial configuration details.
  • Central magnetic field strength is regulated by gas flow, yielding consistent Poynting luminosity (10^45 - 10^46 ergs^-1).
  • Observed synchrotron flux shows minimal variation leading up to merger, despite lensing and dynamic effects.

Conclusions:

  • BBH mergers in plasma environments produce predictable EM counterparts.
  • The generated Poynting luminosity and synchrotron emission are robust across various initial conditions.
  • These findings support the search for concurrent EM signals from GW events.