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Outcome of Hospitalization for COVID-19 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease. An International Multicenter

Thomas M Drake1, Annemarie B Docherty1, Ewen M Harrison1

  • 1Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|October 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) face a higher mortality risk from coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Poor lung function and obesity significantly increase the risk of death in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The impact of COVID-19 on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unclear.
  • Understanding COVID-19 outcomes in ILD patients is crucial for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized patients with ILD versus a matched cohort without ILD.
  • To identify specific risk factors for mortality in ILD patients with COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • An international multicenter audit compared 161 ILD patients hospitalized with COVID-19 to a matched cohort from the ISARIC4C database.
  • Propensity score matching was used to control for age, sex, and comorbidities.
  • Survival was the primary outcome, with secondary analyses of ILD subtypes and lung function (FVC).

Main Results:

  • Overall mortality in ILD patients with COVID-19 was 49%.
  • Patients with ILD had significantly poorer survival compared to matched controls without ILD (HR, 1.60).
  • Reduced forced vital capacity (FVC <80%) and obesity were associated with increased risk of death.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with ILD have an elevated risk of mortality from COVID-19.
  • Poor lung function and obesity are significant risk factors for death in ILD patients with COVID-19.
  • Strict preventive measures against COVID-19 are recommended for individuals with ILD.

Keywords:
COVID-19idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisinterstitial lung diseaselung functionobesity

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