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Anorexia Nervosa01:28

Anorexia Nervosa

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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
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A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis
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Feeding and eating disorders.

Anushua Bhattacharya1, Levi DeFilipp2, C Alix Timko1

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eating disorders (EDs) are serious brain-based illnesses impacting adolescents and adults. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for better outcomes and avoiding long-term consequences.

Keywords:
ARFIDAnorexiaBulimiaEating disordersPsychiatric illnessesSex differences

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neurobiology
  • Adolescent Medicine

Background:

  • Eating disorders (EDs) are prevalent psychiatric conditions with adolescent onset.
  • Their etiology and neurobiology are not fully understood, but they are recognized as brain-based illnesses.
  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are historically focused EDs, with binge-eating disorder (BED) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) now recognized by DSM-5.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic criteria for eating disorders.
  • To describe the clinical presentation of various EDs.
  • To outline available treatment options and highlight the importance of early intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic criteria from DSM-5.
  • Compilation of clinical presentations for recognized EDs.
  • Summary of current treatment modalities, including inpatient, outpatient, and psychotherapy.

Main Results:

  • EDs affect both males and females across the weight spectrum.
  • High comorbidity rates are observed.
  • Mortality rates for AN and BN are notably high among psychiatric conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and swift treatment of EDs are essential to prevent chronicity.
  • Sex differences and developmental considerations are important factors.
  • Treatment approaches vary from hospitalization to outpatient services and psychotherapy.