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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

47.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.2K
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

685
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
685
Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

85.2K
An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
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Solid state chemistry for developing better metal-ion batteries.

Artem M Abakumov1, Stanislav S Fedotov2, Evgeny V Antipov2,3

  • 1Skoltech Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia, 121205. a.abakumov@skoltech.ru.

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Researchers are advancing metal-ion battery materials by understanding atomic manipulation for better electrodes and electrolytes. This review explores design principles and characterization techniques for next-generation energy storage solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Metal-ion batteries are crucial for renewable energy transition.
  • Developing advanced materials drives battery technology innovation.
  • Optimizing electrodes and electrolytes is key for next-generation batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain chemical principles for rational material design in batteries.
  • To review progress in designing electrodes and solid electrolytes.
  • To highlight characterization techniques for improving battery material functionality.

Main Methods:

  • Exploiting the interplay between composition, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties.
  • Utilizing advanced diffraction, imaging, and spectroscopic characterization.
  • Applying solid-state chemistry approaches for material development.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated rational design strategies for battery electrodes and solid electrolytes.
  • Showcased the importance of understanding material structure-property relationships.
  • Identified key characterization methods for enhancing battery performance.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced characterization techniques coupled with solid-state chemistry are vital.
  • Rational design of materials is essential for future high-performance batteries.
  • This review opens new directions for research in energy storage materials.