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Risk factors for enterococcal bacteriuria in dogs: A retrospective study
Michael W Wood1, Adam Lepold2, Dahlia Tesfamichael3
1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|October 3, 2020
Summary
Recurrent bacteriuria and lower urinary tract abnormalities, urolithiasis, or neoplasia are risk factors for Enterococcus spp. infections in dogs. These findings suggest Enterococcus spp. may signal underlying urinary tract inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Canine Urology
Background:
- Enterococcus spp. urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans are linked to catheter-induced inflammation, but this association is not established in dogs.
- This study investigates potential risk factors for enterococcal bacteriuria in canine patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific risk factors that predispose dogs to developing bacteriuria caused by Enterococcus species.
- To compare Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria cases with Escherichia coli bacteriuria controls in a canine population.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving 70 dogs with Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria and 70 dogs with E. coli bacteriuria.
- Data were collected from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017, balancing cases and controls for age and weight.
- Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between various characteristics and Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria.
Main Results:
- A history of recurrent bacteriuria was significantly more prevalent in dogs with Enterococcus spp. infections (OR: 2.07; P = .04).
- Comorbidities linked to Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria included lower urinary tract (LUT) anatomic abnormalities (OR: 2.94; P = .02), urolithiasis (P = .01), and LUT neoplasia (P = .04).
Conclusions:
- Identified risk factors such as recurrent bacteriuria, LUT abnormalities, urolithiasis, and neoplasia are associated with Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria in dogs.
- These findings suggest that Enterococcus spp. bacteriuria could serve as an indicator of underlying LUT inflammation in dogs, mirroring human conditions.
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