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Substance abuse among children.

Sanaa M Aly1, Ahmed Omran2, Jean-Michel Gaulier3

  • 1Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; CHU Lille, Unité Fonctionnelle de Toxicologie, Lille, France.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric health
  • Public health policy
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Substance abuse (SA) among children presents a critical challenge with severe developmental and safety implications.
  • The rise of new psychoactive substances (NPS) complicates detection and intervention efforts globally.
  • Street children are particularly vulnerable to recruitment into drug supply networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline key issues concerning substance abuse in children.
  • To review prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and interventions for pediatric substance abuse.
  • To emphasize the need for sustained attention and adaptive strategies in prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current knowledge on pediatric substance abuse.
  • Analysis of prevalence data, including onset and common substances.
  • Examination of risk and protective factors, and consequences of early-onset SA.

Main Results:

  • Substance abuse in children has diverse manifestations, increasing vulnerability and leading to life-threatening outcomes.
  • New psychoactive substances present unique challenges in terms of prevalence, detection, and intervention.
  • Early initiation of substance abuse is linked to severe consequences, including mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing child substance abuse requires consistent, re-evaluated prevention programs.
  • Multifaceted approaches are needed to combat the evolving landscape of pediatric substance abuse.
  • Policy and law enforcement must work in tandem with public health initiatives.