Comparing the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in hearing-impaired children with normal-hearing
R Soleimani1, M M Jalali2, H A Faghih2
1Kavosh Cognitive Behavior and Addiction Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Insights
Children with hearing loss have a higher prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to their normal-hearing peers. Further research is needed to understand the link between hearing impairment and ADHD.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Audiology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Background:
- Hearing loss significantly impacts communication abilities in children.
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the prevalence of ADHD in children with hearing impairment (HI) versus normal-hearing (NH) children.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 130 children (65 HI, 65 NH).
- ADHD symptoms were assessed using parent-completed ADHD Rating Scale IV questionnaires.
- Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of ADHD was significantly higher in HI children (29.2%) compared to NH peers (12.3%) (P=0.017).
- The mean age of participants was 14.1 years for HI children and 13.3 years for NH peers.
- No significant difference in ADHD prevalence was found between congenital and acquired hearing loss subgroups.
Conclusions:
- School-aged children with hearing loss exhibit a higher prevalence of ADHD than the general population.
- Larger studies are recommended to explore the interaction between hearing loss and ADHD due to the current study's sample size limitations.
Objectives:
The most important aspect of hearing loss is its effect on the communication abilities of individuals. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in hearing-impaired (HI) children with normal-hearing (NH) peers.
Methods:
A total of 130 children (65 children with severe-to-profound hearing loss and 65 NH peers) participated in this cross-sectional study from November 2013 to May 2014. ADHD Rating Scale IV questionnaires were given to children's parents to collect data. Descriptive and analytical analyses were used in order to achieve the objectives of the study.
Results:
The mean age of the HI children and NH peers was 14.1 and 13.3 years, respectively. In the case group, 52 children suffered from congenital hearing loss and 10 children had acquired hearing loss. In total, 19 cases (29.2%) and eight controls (12.3%) were diagnosed with ADHD. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.017). The prevalence of ADHD in children with hereditary or acquired hearing loss was 30.7% and 20.0%, respectively. However, this difference was not significant (P=0.71).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of ADHD in school-aged children with hearing loss is higher than that in the general population of the same age. We could not find significant differences between the different subgroups due to the small sample size. Therefore, we recommend a further larger study to determine the interaction between hearing loss and ADHD.
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