Prenatal and postnatal bisphenol A exposure inhibits postnatal neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor with estrogenic effects, is widely used as a raw material for manufacturing polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to BPA affects brain morphogenesis. However, the effects of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure on postnatal neurogenesis in mice are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a mouse model of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure and analyzed its effects on hippocampal neurogenesis. The hippocampal dentate gyrus is vulnerable to chemical exposure, as neurogenesis continues in this region even after birth. Our results showed that in mice, prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure decreased the number of type-1, 2a, 2b, and 3 neural progenitor cells, as well as in granule cells, in the hippocampal dentate gyrus on postnatal days 16 and 70. The effect of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure on neural progenitors were affected at all differentiation stages. In addition, prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure affects the maintenance of long-term memory on postnatal day 70. Our results suggest that neurodevelopmental toxicity due to prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure might affect postnatal morphogenesis and functional development of the hippocampal dentate gyrus.