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Medical significance of the so-called black yeasts
Abstract:
Infections caused by the black yeasts (leveduras pretas) are reviewed with respect to their clinical manifestations, classification under the umbrella term, phaeohyphomycosis, and differentiation from chromoblastomycosis. Data on the prevalence of black yeasts submitted to a national reference diagnostic center are provided. Cases of phaeohyphomycosis caused by Aureobasidium pullulans, Exophiala jeanselmei, E. moniliae, E. spinifera, Phaeoannelomyces werneckii, Phaeosclera dematioides, Sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis, and Wangiella dermatitidis are described.
Insights
This review covers black yeast infections, known as phaeohyphomycosis, detailing their clinical signs and distinguishing them from chromoblastomycosis. It also presents prevalence data and specific case examples of black yeast infections.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Dermatology
Background:
- Black yeasts, a group of fungi, cause infections known as phaeohyphomycosis.
- Distinguishing phaeohyphomycosis from chromoblastomycosis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Understanding the prevalence and clinical spectrum of these infections is important for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical manifestations of black yeast infections.
- To discuss the classification of these infections under the term phaeohyphomycosis.
- To differentiate phaeohyphomycosis from chromoblastomycosis and present prevalence data.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of black yeast infections.
- Analysis of data from a national reference diagnostic center on black yeast prevalence.
- Description of clinical cases caused by various black yeast species.
Main Results:
- Phaeohyphomycosis encompasses a range of clinical presentations caused by black yeasts.
- Prevalence data from a national reference center are provided.
- Specific cases illustrate infections caused by Aureobasidium pullulans, Exophiala species, Phaeoannelomyces werneckii, Phaeosclera dematioides, Sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis, and Wangiella dermatitidis.
Conclusions:
- Black yeast infections (phaeohyphomycosis) present diverse clinical features.
- Accurate differentiation from chromoblastomycosis is essential.
- The study provides valuable insights into the epidemiology and clinical aspects of phaeohyphomycosis.