Brain-computer interface method based on light-flashing and motion hybrid coding

The human best response frequency band for steady-state visual evoked potential stimulus is limited. This results in a reduced number of encoded targets. To circumvent this, we proposed a brain-computer interface (BCI) method based on light-flashing and motion hybrid coding. The hybrid paradigm pattern consisted of a circular light-flashing pattern and a motion pattern located in the inner ring of light-flashing pattern. The motion and light-flashing patterns had different frequencies. This study used five frequencies to encode nine targets. The motion frequency and the light-flashing frequency of the hybrid paradigm consisted of two frequencies in five frequencies. The experimental results showed that the hybrid paradigm could induce stable motion frequency, light-flashing frequency and its harmonic components. Moreover, the modulation between motion and light-flashing was weak. The average accuracy was 92.96% and the information transfer rate was 26.10 bits/min. The experimental results showed that the proposed method could be considered for practical BCI systems.