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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

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Inflammasome Fuels Dengue Severity.

Gaurav Shrivastava1, Paola Carolina Valenzuela Leon1, Eric Calvo1

  • 1Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|October 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus (DENV) activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key driver of severe dengue symptoms like vascular leakage. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for developing new dengue therapeutics.

Keywords:
IL-1βNLRP3 inflammasomecytokine stormdengue (DENV)innate immune responsemosquito borne diseasepyroptosisvascular leakage

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Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Immunology
  • * Molecular Biology

Background:

  • * Dengue virus (DENV) causes acute febrile illness with severe manifestations including dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome.
  • * DENV infection is linked to inflammasome activation, a critical inflammatory pathway.
  • * The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in DENV pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the role of inflammasome activation in DENV infection.
  • * To discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying DENV-induced inflammasome activation.
  • * To highlight potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting DENV pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review of studies on DENV and inflammasome activation.
  • * Analysis of molecular mechanisms involving host and viral factors.
  • * Discussion of research findings on inflammasome pathways in DENV infection.

Main Results:

  • * DENV activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in various human and mouse cell types.
  • * Inflammasome activation leads to IL-1β and IL-18 maturation, contributing to dengue pathology.
  • * Specific host and viral factors mediate DENV-induced inflammasome activation.

Conclusions:

  • * The inflammasome pathway is a critical component of DENV pathogenesis.
  • * Targeting inflammasome mechanisms offers a promising strategy for novel dengue therapeutics.
  • * Further research into DENV-inflammasome interactions can advance treatment options.