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Impact of Arterial Hypertension on Left Atrial Size and Function

Youssef Ikejder1, Majda Sebbani2, Iliass Hendy1

  • 1Cardiology Department, Military Hospital in Marrakesh, Morocco.

Biomed Research International
|October 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Arterial hypertension (AHT) significantly impacts left atrial (LA) size and function, impairing conduit function and affecting reservoir and pump functions. Diabetes, obesity, and certain antihypertensive drugs exacerbate these changes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Left atrial (LA) enlargement in arterial hypertension (AHT) is linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Understanding AHT's specific effects on LA size and function is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of arterial hypertension on left atrial size and function.
  • To identify factors associated with left atrial remodeling in hypertensive patients.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 100 essential hypertension patients without structural heart disease or atrial fibrillation.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography used to measure LA volumes and assess reservoir, conduit, and pump functions.
  • Statistical analysis including univariate and bivariate analyses to identify influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Left atrial dilation observed in 9% of patients.
  • LA reservoir and pump functions were increased in most patients (85% and 82%), while conduit function was impaired in 80%.
  • Diabetes, obesity, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists were associated with impaired LA function and size.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial hypertension demonstrably affects left atrial size and function.
  • Diabetes, obesity, and specific antihypertensive medications are significant factors in left atrial remodeling.
  • Further research, including speckle tracking imaging, is needed to explore the predictive value of LA remodeling in hypertension.

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