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Role of a Pediatric Cardiologist in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Talha Niaz1, Kyle Hope2, Michael Fremed3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Pediatric Cardiology
|October 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children with COVID-19 can develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), presenting distinct gastrointestinal and shock-like symptoms. Cardiovascular involvement, including myocardial dysfunction and coronary artery issues, is a significant concern in these pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts all ages, with varying severity.
  • While younger individuals generally experience milder COVID-19, a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has emerged.
  • MIS-C shares features with Kawasaki disease but presents unique gastrointestinal and shock-like symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on cardiovascular involvement in pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C.
  • To summarize the understanding of cardiac manifestations in children affected by COVID-19 or MIS-C.
  • To define the role of pediatric cardiologists in managing these complex cases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding cardiovascular complications.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Children with MIS-C frequently exhibit severe gastrointestinal symptoms and shock.
  • Significant cardiovascular involvement is observed, including myocardial dysfunction, valvulitis, and coronary artery aneurysms.
  • Distinct differences exist between MIS-C and typical Kawasaki disease presentations.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular complications are a critical aspect of MIS-C in children.
  • Pediatric cardiologists play a vital role in the diagnosis and management of these patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and treat cardiac sequelae of COVID-19 in children.

Keywords:
COVID-19CardiovascularMIS-CPediatric

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