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Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Scorpion Venom Extraction for Antivenom Production
Published on: October 6, 2023
Delayed antivenom for life-threatening tiger snake bite: Lessons learnt
James Tibballs1, Andrew M Padula2, Kenneth D Winkel3
1Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract:
An adolescent victim of an urban snakebite developed respiratory failure, rhabdomyolysis and consumption procoagulopathy but recovered with two vials of tiger snake antivenom administered after a delay of 48 hours. The clinical significance of a post-bite collapse was not initially appreciated. Tiger snake (Notechis spp.) venom antigen was measurable in blood before antivenom but not after whereas antivenom was measurable in blood for nine ensuing days. This case adds to growing evidence that further pharmacokinetic research of venom-antivenom interaction is required to establish the correct dose and timing of tiger snake antivenom. Antivenom therapy, even when delayed, facilitates recovery from snake envenomation.
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